How data store in AD database?
In Active Directory, data is stored in a hierarchical database called the NTDS (NT Directory Service) database. The NTDS database is a multi-file database that contains all the directory data for the domain, including information about users, groups, computers, and other objects in the domain.
The NTDS database uses a structured storage format known as the Extensible Storage Engine (ESE), which is also known as the Jet database engine. The ESE storage engine provides a high-performance, transactional database that supports multiple concurrent readers and writers.
The NTDS database is organized into a hierarchical structure called the Active Directory data model, which is based on the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) standard. The data model consists of objects, attributes, classes, and schemas, which define the structure and content of the directory data.
Objects in the NTDS database represent directory entities, such as users, groups, computers, and organizational units. Each object has a unique identifier known as a globally unique identifier (GUID), which is used to locate and access the object in the database.
Attributes in the NTDS database represent the properties of directory objects, such as the name, description, and email address of a user. Each attribute has a data type, such as string, integer, or binary, and a syntax that defines the allowed values and constraints on the attribute.
Classes in the NTDS database represent groups of related objects and attributes, such as the user class, group class, and computer class. Each class has a schema, which defines the allowed attributes and their syntax, and the rules for creating, modifying, and deleting objects of that class.
By storing data in a hierarchical database format and using the ESE storage engine, Active Directory provides a scalable, reliable, and efficient directory service that can support large-scale deployments with thousands or even millions of objects.
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